I talk a great deal about using Ubuntu Server as your platform of choice for many a data center need. That particular operating system isn't the only option. In fact, there's always the OS Ubuntu is based on. That's right, I'm talking about Debian.
Debian is a rock solid Linux distribution that offers a similar level of user-friendliness found in Ubuntu. I want to walk you through the process of installing a minimal server installation of this particular platform. There are quite a few more steps than found in a similar Ubuntu Server installation; that being said, the installation isn't terribly challenging.
Minecraft is one of the most popular games of all time. It is a sandbox video game about building various structures and going on adventures. This tutorial explains how to install and configure Minecraft Server on Debian 9.
Instead of using the normal Debian Stretch ISO image, we'll be working with the Debian netinstall image. This includes a minimal amount of packages, so you can then install precisely what you want.
Debian Server How to install a Debian 8 'Jessie' server A practical guide to set up your own Linux super server at home! In a easy to follow way (you can copy and paste all you need) this site will guide you step by step through:. Debian 8 'Jessie' installationjessie index. This tutorial shows how to install a Debian 10 - Buster - minimal server in detail with many screenshots. The purpose of this guide is to provide a minimal setup that can be used as the basis for our other Debian 10 tutorials here at howtoforge.com.
Because there are so many steps, I will only show screenshots of those that are important to this particular setup. All others, I will simply mention.
What you'll need
I will be demonstrating the Debian minimal installation by way of a VirtualBox VM. If you plan on running this installation on dedicated hardware, you'll need said hardware, as well as the means to boot into the Debian installer. This can be done by either burning the ISO onto a CD or DVD, or creating a bootable USB drive (with the help of, say, Unetbootin, or Multiboot USB).
See: How to create a bootable USB drive with multiple Linux distributions
Once you have everything necessary, either boot up your virtual machine or your hardware, and start with the installation.
The installation
The first screen you will see (Figure A), requires you to select an installation type. I'm going to go with the non-graphical option (choose Install).
Figure A
Download Debian Server Indonesia
The next two screens require you to select a location and keyboard. Since this is a curses-based installation, make your selection with the cursor keys on your keyboard, tab down to select Continue, and hit Enter on your keyboard. Make these choices, based on your needs, and continue on.
Next we have to configure the hostname and domain name. These are done on two different screens. The domain does not have to be an FDQN. If you're installing this for testing or internal purposes, the domain (Figure B) could be something like debianvm.lan.
Figure B
The next screens require you to set a root user password, and then create a new user. Following that, configure your timezone.
It's now time to partition the disk. Fortunately, Debian includes an autopartioner, so you can select one of the three different 'Guided' choices (Figure C).
Figure C
The next screens require you to:
Select the disk to be partitioned.
Select the partition scheme (all files in one partition, separate /home partition, or separate /home, /var/, and /tmp partitions).
Write changes to disk
The next screen is only found in the netinstall. The installer will have scanned the entire installation media, and then ask if you want to scan another CD or DVD (Figure D). Tab to No and hit Enter.
Figure D
Now we're going to configure the package manager. The first screen asks you to select a country for the mirror. Select your country and then the mirror for your country (such as ftp.us.debian.org) from the list. In the next screen, configure a proxy (if applicable).
You will then be asked if you want to participate in a user survey. You can tab to No and hit Enter on your keyboard to bypass this.
Finally we reach the package selection section (Figure E). Using the cursor keys, navigate to the packages you want to install and tap the spacebar to select.
Figure E
As I am only installing a minimal web and SSH server, I will unselect the desktop environment, select web server and SSH server, and tab to continue. When the packages finish installing, which won't take much time, you then must configure the GRUB boot loader. Select Yes for installing the bootloader (Figure F), and then in the next screen, configure where the bootloader should live.
Figure F
Once the bootloader is installed, you'll be prompted for reboot and your installation is complete. You can now log into your Debian minimal server and begin developing it to perfectly suit your needs.
An outstanding platform
When deciding on a platform to be used in your data center, you'd be remiss in not considering Debian. This outstanding open source operating system is very stable, robust, and ready to serve. Give it a try and see if it doesn't fit in perfectly with your data center.
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How to send messages to users logged into your Linux machines (TechRepublic)
How to install Kloxo-Mr hosting control panel on CentOS (TechRepublic)
How to install and use the smem memory reporting tool in Linux (TechRepublic)
How to use syslog-ng to collect logs from remote Linux machines (TechRepublic)
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Google moves to Debian for in-house Linux desktop (ZDNet)
If you have ever used a Raspberry Pi device, you probably already know that it recommends a Linux distribution called Raspbian.
Raspbian is a heavily customized form of Debian to run on low-powered ARM processors. It’s not bad. In fact, it’s an excellent OS for Raspberry Pi devices but it’s not the real Debian.
Debian purists like me would prefer to run the actual Debian over installing the Raspberry Pi’s customized Debian version. I trust Debian more than any other distribution to provide me a vast amount of properly vetted free software packages. Moreover, a project like this would help other ARM devices as well.
Above all, running the official Debian on Raspberry Pi is sort of challenge and I like such challenges.
I am not the only one who thinks like this. There are many other Debian users who share the same feeling and this is why there exists an ongoing project to create a Debian image for Raspberry Pi.
About two and a half months back, a Debian Developer (DD) named Gunnar Wolf took over that unofficial Raspberry Pi image generation project.
I’ll be quickly showing you how can you install this Raspberry Pi Debian Buster preview image on your Raspberry Pi 3 (or higher) devices.
Getting Debian on Raspberry Pi [For Experts]
Be aware this Debian image is very raw and unsupported at the moment. Though it’s very new, I believe experienced Raspberry Pi and Debian users should be able to use it.
Now as far as Debian is concerned, here is the Debian image and instructions that you could use to put the Debian stock image on your Raspberry pi 3 Model B+.
Step 1: Download the Debian Raspberry Pi Buster image
You can download the preview images using wget command:
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Step 2: Verify checksum (optional)
It’s optional but you should verify the checksum. You can do that by downloading the SHA256 hashfile and then comparing it with that of the downloaded Raspberry Pi Debian image.
At my end I had moved both the .sha256 file as img.xz to a directory to make it easier to check although it’s not necessary.
Step 3: Write the image to your SD card
Once you have verified the image, take a look at it. It is around 400MB in the compressed xzip format. You can extract it to get an image of around 1.5GB in size.
Insert your SD card. Before you carry on to the next command please change the sdX to a suitable name that corresponds to your SD card.
The command basically extracts the img.xz archive to the SD card. The progress switch/flag enables you to see a progress line with a number as to know how much the archive has extracted.
Once you have successfully flashed your SD card, you should be able test if the installation went ok by sshing into your Raspberry Pi. The default root password is raspberry.
If you are curious to know how the Raspberry Pi image was built, you can look at the build scripts.
You can find more info on the project homepage.
How to contribute to the Raspberry Pi Buster effort
There is a mailing list called debian-arm where people could contribute their efforts and ask questions. As you can see in the list, there is already a new firmware which was released few days back which might make booting directly a reality instead of the workaround shared above.
If you want you could make a new image using the raspi3-image-spec shared above or wait for Gunnar to make a new image which might take time.
Most of the maintainers also hang out at #vmdb2 at #OFTC. You can either use your IRC client or Riot client, register your name at Nickserv and connect with either Gunnar Wolf, Roman Perier or/and Lars Wirzenius, author of vmdb2. I might do a follow-up on vmdb2 as it’s a nice little tool by itself.
The Road Ahead
If there are enough interest and contributors, for instance, the lowest-hanging fruit would be to make sure that the ARM64 port wiki page is as current as possible. The benefits are and can be enormous.
There are a huge number of projects which could benefit from either having a Pi farm to making your media server or a SiP phone or whatever you want to play/work with.
Another low-hanging fruit might be synchronization between devices, say an ARM cluster sharing reports to either a Debian desktop by way of notification or on mobile or both ways.
While I have shared about Raspberry Pi, there are loads of single-board computers on the market already and lot more coming, both from MIPS as well as OpenRISC-V so there is going to plenty of competition in the days ahead.
Also, OpenRISC-V is and would be open-sourcing lot of its IP so non-free firmware or binary blobs would not be needed. Even MIPS is rumored to be more open which may challenge ARM if MIPS and OpenRISC-V are able to get their logistics and pricing right, but that is a story for another day.
There are many more vendors, I am just sharing the ones whom I am most interested to see what they come up with.
I hope the above sheds some light why it makes sense to have Debian on the Raspberry Pi.